Gravimetric Analysis

Types, Principle, Requirements,Advantages, and Applications

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Gravimetric analysis is a quantitative approach in analytical chemistry that is based on determining the quantity of analyte based on the mass of the solid.

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Principle of Gravimetric Analysis

A general principle of gravimetric method of analysis is based on a chemical reaction between analyte and reagent.

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Types of Gravimetric Analysis

1. Precipitation Gravimetry 2. Voltalization Gravimetry 3. Electrogravimetry 4. Thermogravimetry

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Requirements of Gravimetric Analysis

The amount of analyte that remains unprecipitated should be less than 0.1 mg or less. – The substances being weighed must be precise and pure, or extremely close to being pure, in order to eliminate error.

Gravimetric Analysis Steps

1. Preparation of solution of known sample 2. Precipitation 3. Filtration and washing of precipitate 4. Drying and Ignition 5. Heating to constant weight

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Advantages of Gravimetric Analysis

-Most accurate methods for chemical analysis when performed correctly. – Used for the determination of almost all cations and anions. – Also applicable for neutral species such as CO2, H2O, SO2, etc. -Uses direct measurement and requires no calibration.

Disadvantages of Gravimetric Analysis

-only applicable for the analysis of a single element or a limited group of elements, at a time. Time-consuming method since a large number of steps are involved. Involves complicated steps, and even a slight error can have disastrous effects on the analysis.

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Application of Gravimetric Analysis

– Quantification of inorganic and organic compounds – Elemental analysis – Uses in modern analytical chemistry – High Sensitivity and accuracy of gravimetric method

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